科技人才政策与企业数字技术创新

Abstract

【中文摘要】数字经济时代，加强数字技术创新是形成新质生产力的关键。数字技术创新具有较高的资源支撑需求，然而我国企业在创新过程中普遍面临人才和资金不足的困境。在此背景下，探究能够促使创新资源向企业集聚的制度因素具有重要意义。本文 以 2007—2022 年中国 A 股上市公司为样本，考察了科技人才政策对实质性数字技术创新和策略性数字技术创新的影响。研究结果表明，科技人才政策促进了实质性数字技术创新，但对策略性数字技术创新的影响不明显。机制检验发现，科技人才政策通过促使技术员工、技术高管和研发资金向当地企业集聚来提升当地企业的数字技术创新水平。异质性分析表明，科技人才政策对数字技术创新的推动作用在资源匮乏地区的企业、知识产权保护水平较高地区的企业以及职工权益得到良好保障的企业中更明显。最后，本文发现，科技人才政策通过提升数字技术创新水平促进了企业新质生产力的发展。本文的研究结论为推动数字技术创新水平和发展新质生产力提供了参考，同时，也有助于政策制定者更准确地评估人才政策的实施效果。 【Abstract】In the digital economy era，it is necessary to foster digital technology innovation so as to create new quality productivity boosters. It is challenging for Chinese corporations to participate in digital innovation due to the lack of technology talents and funding，the key elements to support digital innovation. Therefore, it is important to explore the institutional factors that encourage the flow of innovation resources to corporations.Using a sample of A-share listed companies in China from 2007 to 2022，this paper examines the impact of technology talent policies on both substantial and strategic digital technology innovation. We find that technology talent policies facilitate substantive，but not strategic digital technology innovation. Further analysis reveals that technology talent policies encourage digital technology innovation through attracting technical personnel （employees and executives）and research and development funding to local companies.Cross sectional tests show that the impact of technology talent policies on digital technology innovation is more pronounced for firms located in areas with scarce resources and high level of intellectual property protection，and firms whose workers’ rights and interests are well protected. Finally，we show that technology talent policies promote the development of new quality productivity by improving digital innovation. Our finding helps to understand the drivers of digital technology innovation and new quality productivity，and provides an economic basis for policymakers to evaluate the economic consequences of technology talent policies.